What does inflammatory cell infiltration mean?
Inflammatory cell infiltration is a common term in pathology, which refers to the phenomenon of immune cells migrating from blood vessels to the interstitial space during the inflammatory reaction. This process is an important defense mechanism of the body against infection, injury or foreign matter. This article will combine the hot medical topics on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide a structured analysis of the definition, mechanism, related diseases and clinical significance of inflammatory cell infiltration.
1. Definition of inflammatory cell infiltration
Inflammatory cell infiltration refers to the process in which immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes pass through the blood vessel wall and enter the tissue under the action of inflammatory factors. The following are common inflammatory cell types and their functions:
| cell type | Main functions | Emergence stage |
|---|---|---|
| neutrophils | Devours bacteria and releases antibacterial substances | Early stage of acute inflammation (6-24 hours) |
| macrophages | Necrotic tissue removal, antigen presentation | Post-acute period (24-48 hours) |
| Lymphocytes | specific immune response | Chronic inflammation (more than a few weeks) |
2. Recent popular related research (last 10 days)
According to the academic platform search, the following are the latest research progress:
| research topic | Key findings | publish journal |
|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 lung inflammation | Neutrophil infiltration is positively correlated with cytokine storm | "Nature Immunology" |
| Alzheimer's disease | Microglial infiltration accelerates beta-amyloid deposition | 《Science Translational Medicine》 |
| tumor microenvironment | The degree of T lymphocyte infiltration predicts the efficacy of immunotherapy | "Cancer Cell" |
3. The four-step process of the occurrence mechanism
1.scroll stick: Vascular endothelial cells in the inflammatory site express selectins, which slow down the rolling of white blood cells.
2.tight adhesion: Integrin binds to ICAM-1 to immobilize cells
3.transendothelial migration: Enter tissue through intercellular space
4.Chemotaxis: Gathering along the chemical gradient towards the inflammatory focus
4. Clinically relevant disease cases
| Disease name | Characteristic cellular infiltration | clinical significance |
|---|---|---|
| rheumatoid arthritis | CD4+T cells, plasma cells | Diagnostic basis of joint synovial biopsy |
| ulcerative colitis | Neutrophils, eosinophils | Pathological grading standards |
| viral myocarditis | Mainly lymphocytes | Key points in identifying myocardial infarction |
5. New Trends in Treatment Research
Recent clinical trials show:
•anti-integrin drugs(such as vedolizumab) can reduce intestinal inflammatory cell infiltration
•CCR5 inhibitorsCan block the migration of T cells to the central nervous system
•Nanoparticle drug delivery systemCan target and eliminate excessive infiltration of macrophages in the lesion area
6. Summary
Inflammatory cell infiltration is a "double-edged sword" phenomenon. When it is moderate, it plays a protective role, but when it is excessive, it can cause tissue damage. The latest research focuses on precisely regulating the infiltration process, especially in the fields of autoimmune diseases and tumor immunotherapy. Understanding this mechanism has important implications for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs and biomarker assays.
check the details
check the details
en
